COMMENTS
I feel worried because each class are new concepts, perceptions, is very interesting but I need study more I confuse in some topics and I believe the result about my exam was terrible, I feel very bad!! However the exams can to help identify teaching strengths and weaknesses and I can decide where to focus my improvement efforts.
In the lessons with the new teacher, I have learned more about pragmatics, your meaning for example pragmatics analysis the context (communicate), a subject use the language, and the effect that the following that have on the speakers.
“The world is a book and those who do not travel read only one page.”
― Augustine of Hippo
*We should go beyond, learn, enrich our knowledge and explore more, the marvelous of know.
By:
Kelly Leon.
In the lessons with the new teacher, I have learned more about pragmatics, your meaning for example pragmatics analysis the context (communicate), a subject use the language, and the effect that the following that have on the speakers.
“The world is a book and those who do not travel read only one page.”
― Augustine of Hippo
*We should go beyond, learn, enrich our knowledge and explore more, the marvelous of know.
By:
Kelly Leon.
October, 16 2013
I felt sad because the result of my final exam, but in the last class learned so much, the teacher explained again some concepts and I understood more. I concluded that the dialogue is the opportunity for change many things and be better.
By:
Kelly Leon
I felt sad because the result of my final exam, but in the last class learned so much, the teacher explained again some concepts and I understood more. I concluded that the dialogue is the opportunity for change many things and be better.
By:
Kelly Leon
October, 23 2013
I learned new concepts, I liked the class methodology, because with my classmates we had the opportunity of choose a topic and explain it, I felt nervous, but I consider was a good try for improve my attitude in the stage, understand the concepts and communicate the meaning about the topic with my ideas and material.
These activities are good for enrich our knowledge, understand and apply in another opportunity this learning, in conclusion, the cooperative work helps to the learning development.
By:
Kelly Leon
I learned new concepts, I liked the class methodology, because with my classmates we had the opportunity of choose a topic and explain it, I felt nervous, but I consider was a good try for improve my attitude in the stage, understand the concepts and communicate the meaning about the topic with my ideas and material.
These activities are good for enrich our knowledge, understand and apply in another opportunity this learning, in conclusion, the cooperative work helps to the learning development.
By:
Kelly Leon
I have learned in pragmatics class about different between presupposition and Entailment
Presupposition: For me is when speaker say something presupposition but all can be wrong because you can´t be sure if is in a fact
Entailment: Is a logical consequence between two sentences and the conclusion is true
Example: Mary´s brother bought three elephants
Presuppositions:
Mary exists, Mary has a brother, and Mary´s brother is rich
Entailment:
Mary´s brother buy something and Mary bought three animals
By:
Mayra Cetares.
Presupposition: For me is when speaker say something presupposition but all can be wrong because you can´t be sure if is in a fact
Entailment: Is a logical consequence between two sentences and the conclusion is true
Example: Mary´s brother bought three elephants
Presuppositions:
Mary exists, Mary has a brother, and Mary´s brother is rich
Entailment:
Mary´s brother buy something and Mary bought three animals
By:
Mayra Cetares.
PRAGMATICS:
-The effect that the following that have on the speakers, use of a language in each people.
-Example: Use pragmatics in a coloquial context.
-A=hello, goodbye
-B=I'm going to get a cookie
-A=Give me a cookie
-B=I'm going to get you a cookie
-A=I would like a cookie, please
*RECOMMENDATION:
Use after conversation for you explain to yours students!
-The effect that the following that have on the speakers, use of a language in each people.
-Example: Use pragmatics in a coloquial context.
-A=hello, goodbye
-B=I'm going to get a cookie
-A=Give me a cookie
-B=I'm going to get you a cookie
-A=I would like a cookie, please
*RECOMMENDATION:
Use after conversation for you explain to yours students!
Sentences
String of words put together by the grammatical rules of a language expressing a complete thought. Example: -Shakira is a famous mom |
Utterance
Is the physical expression of a sentences , can be any sound of talk that human produce. Example: mmmm,Ohhhh,upssss |
Proposition
Is part of the meaning of the utterances of a declarative or orders sentences. Example: "Get out of here" |
*SEMANTICS: Meaning
-Is the study of meaning in language, words, sentences , expressions, etc.
-Example:
-She is crazy - Female person with mental illnes
-She is crazy - My friend is very outgoing
*PHONOLOGY: Cognitive process
-Is the system of relationship among speech sounds that constutite the fundamental components of a language. Is a cognitive process that a person can develop.
-Example:
-You have to speak a little more clearly.
*PHONETICS:
-Is a discipline of linguistics that focuses on the study of the sounds used in speech, is a physical process of speech.
Example:
ɔ: call, four
ɪ hit, sitting
ə away, cinema
æ cat, black
*MORPHOLOGY: Word Structure
-Is the part of linguistics that deals with the study of words, their internal structure and partially their meanings.
-Example:
She writes a letter
Pronoun Verb Article Noun
*SINTAX: Sentence Structure
-Is the rules by which signs are combined to make statements, also would be a way you word a sentence to convey your meaning.
-Example:
-If you mess with syntax, you can change the meaning:
- The young man carries the lady.
- The lady carries the young man.
- The woman hit the man.
- The man hit the woman.
*DEIXIS:
-Is the process of pointing via language and its referent in a given context, such as:
-Example:
~ who is speaking.
~ the time or place of speaking
~ the gestures of the speaker, or
~ the current location in the discourse
*TYPES OF DEIXIS:
-Person deixis:
in conversations constant shift of I/you
-Example:
-3rd person distance: used in accusations.
-Somebody made a mess in the kitchen!
-Me, you, I, he, she, it
-Spatial deixis:
-Modern English Here, there, but older forms are yonder(more distant from the speaker)
place + motion: hither (to this place) and thence (from this place)
-Temporal deixis:
-yesterday/tomorrow, depend on knowing the utterance time.
-Now, then
*SPEECH ACT:
-Is a minimal funtional unit in human communication.
-Example:
-Paty: "I couldn’t agree with you more. "
-Cheng: "Hmmm…." (Thinking: "She couldn’t agree with me? I thought she liked my idea!")
*LOCUTION:
-Is a particular word, phrase, or expression, especially one that is used by a particular person or group also is a basic act of uttering.
-Example:
-I was wondering is you'd mind terribly opening the window.
*ILLOCUTION:
-Is an act performed by a speaker by virtue of uttering certain words,as for example the acts of promising or of threatening. Is a intention that a person have to do or say something.
-Example:
A:I'm grateful for what you've done for me
B:Thanking
A:Would you like a cup of coffee?
B:"Good evening"Carlos met Tom at 7:20 Pm
*DIRECT ILLOCUTION:
-The Illocution that is directly interpreted literaly.
-Example:
-Can you pass the salt?
-Do you have the ability to pass the salt?
*INDIRECT ILLOCUTION:
-The further illocution that goes beyond the utterance may have.
-A request to pass the salt.
*PERLOCUTION:
-Is a speech act ,as viewed at the level of its psichological consequences, such as persuading,convincing, scaring or inspiring. Is an effect of utterance in subject.
-Example:
-Teacher to students: You'll find the book on pragmatics very interesting
-The student are vey happy because the book sounds interesnting.
-The students are not amused because they observe the sarcasm in the sentence.
*FELICITY CONDITIONS:
-Speech acts judged not by ‘truth value’ but by their ‘happiness’
Language (propositional content)
Context (preparatory condition)
‘I now pronounce you man and wife’
Participants/setting
Intention
Speaker is sincere, believes the act will have the desired force.
-Example:
-"I promise that I will pay your tuition next quarter"
*REPRESENTATIVES:
-Commit speaker to something being the case, so as to fit the words to the world.
-Example:
-Believe that predicts.
*DIRECTIVES:
Attempt to get to do something. The speaker directs a demand or a request to the listener.
-Example:
-"Leavy town immediately!"
-"I order you"
-"Go and close the door"
*COMMISSIVES:
-Commit speaker to act. The speaker commits him/herself to a future course of action.
-Example:
-"I promise to repay the money I owe."
-"I swear to tell the truth."
*EXPRESSIVES:
-Express a psychological state.
-Example:
-"I am sorry that I ran over your cat"
*DECLARATIONS OR DECLARATIVE:
-By uttering you actually fir the world to the words. Declaring it makes it happen.
-Example:
-"I pronounce you husband and wife"
-"We find the defendant not guilty"
-You're out!
*CONVERSATIONAL IMPLICATURE:
-It means more being communicated than is said, but also Is a meaning or message that is implicated in a conversation.
-Example:
-A:Did you invite Juan and Elizabeth?
-B: I invited Juan
-A:Jessica, can I have Dave's number?
-B: Yes
*COOPERATIVE PRINCIPLE:
-Cooperation can be essential factor when speakers and listeners are interacting, is the idea that people cooperate with each other in conversing is generalized.
-Example:
-A:He is a polite man and worls on time
-B:Carlos is morgan good as a fincance manager?
*REFERENCE:
We learned that, Reference is an Act in which a speaker or writer uses linguistic forms to enable a listener o reader to identify something. (clue)
-Example:
-There's a man waiting for you.
-He wants to marry a woman with lots of money.
We learned that, Reference is an Act in which a speaker or writer uses linguistic forms to enable a listener o reader to identify something. (clue)
-Example:
-There's a man waiting for you.
-He wants to marry a woman with lots of money.
*INFERENCE:
We learned that, Inference is the listener's or reader has task is to infer, listen and analyze a referring expression the speaker or writer.
We learned that, Inference is the listener's or reader has task is to infer, listen and analyze a referring expression the speaker or writer.
*REFERENTIAL AND ATTRIBUTIVE USE:
-We learned that, attributive use is a word or phrase that is used to represent a concept, the speaker need not fully understand or endorse, but wants to attribute to someone else, and referential is a use have a specific in mind a subject or descriptions.
-Example:
"There was no sign of the killer"
-We learned that, attributive use is a word or phrase that is used to represent a concept, the speaker need not fully understand or endorse, but wants to attribute to someone else, and referential is a use have a specific in mind a subject or descriptions.
-Example:
"There was no sign of the killer"
*NAMES AND REFERENTS:
We learned that, is a convention between all members of a cultural language community, collaboration of the intention to identify and the recognition of intention.
-Example:
-This book is of my teacher Elizabeth Rojas.
We learned that, is a convention between all members of a cultural language community, collaboration of the intention to identify and the recognition of intention.
-Example:
-This book is of my teacher Elizabeth Rojas.
*CONTEXT:
We learned that, context is physical enviroment and speech conventions.
-Example:
-I need visit to my grandfather at the hospital.
We learned that, context is physical enviroment and speech conventions.
-Example:
-I need visit to my grandfather at the hospital.
*CO-TEXT:
We learned that, Co-text is The ability to identify intended reference the linguistic environment and communication.
Example:
-Brazil wins world cup.
We learned that, Co-text is The ability to identify intended reference the linguistic environment and communication.
Example:
-Brazil wins world cup.
*ANAPHOR:
We learned that, anaphora is when repeats the same subject in several times.
-Example:
-I want her to live. I want her to breathe.
(Weird Science, 1985)
We learned that, anaphora is when repeats the same subject in several times.
-Example:
-I want her to live. I want her to breathe.
(Weird Science, 1985)
ELLIPSIS:
We learned that in this concept, you do not find repeated expressions.
We learned that in this concept, you do not find repeated expressions.
*ENTAILMENT:
We learned that, entailment is something that logically follows from what is asserted in the utterance. Is more logical.
-Example:
-Celia cruz died?
-Celiz cruz was singer.
We learned that, entailment is something that logically follows from what is asserted in the utterance. Is more logical.
-Example:
-Celia cruz died?
-Celiz cruz was singer.
*PRESUPPOSITION:
We learned that, presupposition is something the speaker assumed to be the case before making an utterance and is not logical.
-Examples:
-Caroline is single.
-Caroline is unmarried.
We learned that, presupposition is something the speaker assumed to be the case before making an utterance and is not logical.
-Examples:
-Caroline is single.
-Caroline is unmarried.
CULTURAL DIFFERENCES OF POLITENESS
CHINESE.- People in China are usually addressed according to title or occupation such as Principal Wang, Dr Li, Master Gao or teacher Wang. In Chinese use different ways to say brother or sister depending on if it is the first or second brother or sister.
- In Chinese When people meet each other for the first time They usually we say “chi le ma?” (Have you eaten?), "Qu na li?" (Where are you going?) You can interpret it as an invitation to dinner or interference in his or her personal affairs but it's just a greeting. - In Chinese, when a guest leaves, the host will show the guest to the door and say “man zou” (Walk slowly.), “zou hao” (Take care.), or “yi lu shun feng” (Have a nice trip.). But none of these can be directly translated into English. - In Chinese rarely give praise to the family they did not congratulate his family members in front of others. - In Chinese is not as common to apologize is more used to say “dui bu qi”, “hen yi han” are very often used only when they feel sympathetic or when they need to bother others. - In Chinese sometimes talk about health and express their concern by giving some advice such as “Have a rest.”, “Put on more clothes and drink more water.” However, English speakers will feel uncomfortable on hearing these words. |
ENGLISH- People in English are usually addressed according to the gender: Mr. (for adult males), Mrs. (for married women), Miss (for unmarried women), Ms. (for women whose marital status is unknown) with surname and for say
- In English, when people meet each other for the first time, they usually say “How do you do?” and “Nice to meet you!” - In English, the common ways of greeting are “Good morning”, “Good afternoon”, “Good evening”, “Hi”, “Hello”, “How are you?”, and “How is everything going?”, “Goodbye”, “See you”, “So long” and “Good luck” for say hello and good-bye - It's usual for an American woman to praise her husband, talking about how realize his hard works and how well he has done. She might do the same about a son or a daughter of hers - In English it is more common say: I am sorry or excuse me in situations for example for answer the phone, interrupt a conversation leave a dinning table to the toilet or ask a direction - English-speaking people place a higher value on privacy. Therefore, some topics would be considered as privacy and it is impolite to mention these topics. For instance, asking others about age, especially a woman’s age, is regarded as impolite in western cultures. Besides age, other topics such as income, marital status, and religion are also sensitive topics which may likely cause offense. |
COLOMBIA- People in Colombia are usually greets for your fitness and age, if a person shows who is young we will tell “señorita” or simply “joven” but if a person shows who is old we will tell “Señor” or “Señora”.
- In Colombia, when people meet other for the first time, we usually say expressions as “Como te llamas” “mucho gusto mi nombre es…” and they begin to do as an informal interview to make your life. - In Colombian, is common ways of greeting are “Buenos dias” “Buenas Tardes” or “Buenas noches” as people English but when we say goodbye they can use diverse ways for example, “chao”, “adios” “hasta luego”, “hasta pronto” “cuidese” and “Dios lo bendiga” - In Colombia people often celebrate the successes of your family with parties in where we invite all your family and best friends for celebration. -In Colombia people usually only apologize when they make a mistake with another person, when encounter in a public space or when going to get an order in a restaurant with expressions like “ Perdon”, ”disculpe “, “lo siento” or “que pena”. - In Colombia people are impolite to mention about woman´s age or a loving relationship because it´s very personal and private. |
CONVERSATION ANALYSIS
We learned that, conversation analysis the speakers having a convesation for speak, cooperate.
We learned that, conversation analysis the speakers having a convesation for speak, cooperate.
PAUSES AND OVERLAPS I
We learned pauses and overlaps I is a conversation that consist of two or more participants taking turns, but only one person have the opportunity for speaking at any time.
Example:
Ana: Excuse me Are you American?
Gabriel: No
(3 seconds silcence)
Ana: Do you speak English?
Gabriel: A little, but not very well
(2 secons silence)
Ana: How long have you been here?
Gabriel: 3 months.
We learned pauses and overlaps I is a conversation that consist of two or more participants taking turns, but only one person have the opportunity for speaking at any time.
Example:
Ana: Excuse me Are you American?
Gabriel: No
(3 seconds silcence)
Ana: Do you speak English?
Gabriel: A little, but not very well
(2 secons silence)
Ana: How long have you been here?
Gabriel: 3 months.
PAUSES AND OVERLAPS II
We learned that, pauses and overlaps II consist, one speaker explicity turns over the floor to another and the other does not speak, then silence is attributable to the second speaker and becomes significant.
Example:
Daniel: These packages are hers
(2 seconds)
Daniel: Andrea?
(2 seconds)
Daniel: Daniel- whose present is this?
Andrea: is for you
We learned that, pauses and overlaps II consist, one speaker explicity turns over the floor to another and the other does not speak, then silence is attributable to the second speaker and becomes significant.
Example:
Daniel: These packages are hers
(2 seconds)
Daniel: Andrea?
(2 seconds)
Daniel: Daniel- whose present is this?
Andrea: is for you
PAUSES AND OVERLAPS III
We learned that, pauses and overlaps III is a speakers overlapped talk appears to fuction like an expression of solidarity or closeness a similar opinions.
EXAMPLE:
Going out to dinner..
Carlos: Do you want any salad?
Patty: I don't want any sald.
Carlos: What you prefer about it?
Patty: I want some barbecued ribs.
Carlos: Ohh! delicious!
We learned that, pauses and overlaps III is a speakers overlapped talk appears to fuction like an expression of solidarity or closeness a similar opinions.
EXAMPLE:
Going out to dinner..
Carlos: Do you want any salad?
Patty: I don't want any sald.
Carlos: What you prefer about it?
Patty: I want some barbecued ribs.
Carlos: Ohh! delicious!
PAUSES AND OVERLAPS IV
We learned that, pauses and overlaps IV is a spekaer who wants to keep holding the floor will avoid providing.
We learned that, pauses and overlaps IV is a spekaer who wants to keep holding the floor will avoid providing.
BACKCHANNELS
We learned that, backchannels is a speaker expect their conversational partners to indicate that they are listening.
EXAMPLE: (Talking on the phone)
Elizabeth: Can I speak with my father please?
Esteban: Who is calling?
Elizabeth: This is Elizabeth
Esteban: Sorry, he is not in righ now.
Elizabeth: Please tell her Elizabeth called. Good bye and thank you!
We learned that, backchannels is a speaker expect their conversational partners to indicate that they are listening.
EXAMPLE: (Talking on the phone)
Elizabeth: Can I speak with my father please?
Esteban: Who is calling?
Elizabeth: This is Elizabeth
Esteban: Sorry, he is not in righ now.
Elizabeth: Please tell her Elizabeth called. Good bye and thank you!
CONVERSATIONAL STYLE
We learned that, conversational style is when a person can do a conversation of form active, and the speaking rate will be relatively fast and other speakers use a slower rate.
We learned that, conversational style is when a person can do a conversation of form active, and the speaking rate will be relatively fast and other speakers use a slower rate.
ADJACENCY PAIRS I
We learned that, adjacency pairs I are almost automatic patterns in the structure of conversation.
EXAMPLE:
Camila: Hello
Pedro: Hi!
Camila: How are you?
Pedro: Fine!
Camila: See ya!
Pedro: Bye!
We learned that, adjacency pairs I are almost automatic patterns in the structure of conversation.
EXAMPLE:
Camila: Hello
Pedro: Hi!
Camila: How are you?
Pedro: Fine!
Camila: See ya!
Pedro: Bye!
ADJACENCY PAIRS II
We learned that, adjacency II insertion is a type of sequences that is to say can intervene between adjacency and pairs.
EXAMPLE:
Lucy: When will dinner be ready?
Andrés: Later.
Lucy: Will dinner be ready soon?
Andrés: Yes, It will be ready soon.
We learned that, adjacency II insertion is a type of sequences that is to say can intervene between adjacency and pairs.
EXAMPLE:
Lucy: When will dinner be ready?
Andrés: Later.
Lucy: Will dinner be ready soon?
Andrés: Yes, It will be ready soon.
ADJACENCY PAIRS III
We learned that, adjacency III the first utterance is a summons, but the second is an answers about it, and the idea is establishing an open channel for talk.
EXAMPLE:
A: Can I take you to dinner on Friday right?
B: Great!
A: I'II pick you up at: 8: 00 pm
B: Perfect, I love the idea.
We learned that, adjacency III the first utterance is a summons, but the second is an answers about it, and the idea is establishing an open channel for talk.
EXAMPLE:
A: Can I take you to dinner on Friday right?
B: Great!
A: I'II pick you up at: 8: 00 pm
B: Perfect, I love the idea.
ADJACENCY PAIRS IV
We learned that, adjacency IV a person in the first time can explain the introduction about some topic and after closure about it.
EXAMPLE:
Lorena: I got married last year, I was happy and every moment was special, but... Nowadays We are getting divorced.
We learned that, adjacency IV a person in the first time can explain the introduction about some topic and after closure about it.
EXAMPLE:
Lorena: I got married last year, I was happy and every moment was special, but... Nowadays We are getting divorced.
PREFERENCE STRUCTURE I
We learned that, preference structure I adjacency pairs represent social actions and the person can do preference structure and divides about social acts.
EXAMPLE:
P: I'm looking for apartment. I need 2 bedrooms
Q: Do you want to rent or to buy?
P: Rent! I don't have enough money to buy.
Q: Ok, I will look.
We learned that, preference structure I adjacency pairs represent social actions and the person can do preference structure and divides about social acts.
EXAMPLE:
P: I'm looking for apartment. I need 2 bedrooms
Q: Do you want to rent or to buy?
P: Rent! I don't have enough money to buy.
Q: Ok, I will look.
PREFERENCE STRUCTURE II
We learned that, preference structure II in this case the silence of a person, is the impression of non-participation in the conversational structure.
EXAMPLE:
Kelly: This bus to Main street?
(16 seconds)
Kelly: hey!!
Mayra: Ah! Excuse me! I'm distracted.
We learned that, preference structure II in this case the silence of a person, is the impression of non-participation in the conversational structure.
EXAMPLE:
Kelly: This bus to Main street?
(16 seconds)
Kelly: hey!!
Mayra: Ah! Excuse me! I'm distracted.
PREFERENCE STRUCTURE III
We learned that, preference structure III have two important aspects: assessment and invitation about the speaker.
EXAMPLE:
Student: I want know my result the final exam.
Teacher: mmm, very bad!
Student: Really?
Teacher: yap!
We learned that, preference structure III have two important aspects: assessment and invitation about the speaker.
EXAMPLE:
Student: I want know my result the final exam.
Teacher: mmm, very bad!
Student: Really?
Teacher: yap!
PREFERENCE STRUCTURE IV
We learned that, preference structure IV is about dispreferred second part, that to say more language creates more distance between first and second part and preferred a person represents closeness and quick connection.
We learned that, preference structure IV is about dispreferred second part, that to say more language creates more distance between first and second part and preferred a person represents closeness and quick connection.
ANALYSIS DISCOURSE
We learned that, are activities focused of the investigation of how words such as "oh" or "well" are used in casual talk, to he study of the dominant ideology in a culture represented in general of form writen, vocal or language.
EXAMPLE:
This story is about father that works as a safety inspector at the Springfield Nuclear Power Plant, a position at odds with his careless, buffoonish personality.
Who is?
Homero Simpsoms.
We learned that, are activities focused of the investigation of how words such as "oh" or "well" are used in casual talk, to he study of the dominant ideology in a culture represented in general of form writen, vocal or language.
EXAMPLE:
This story is about father that works as a safety inspector at the Springfield Nuclear Power Plant, a position at odds with his careless, buffoonish personality.
Who is?
Homero Simpsoms.
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Google Images. (s.f.). Recuperado el 16 de Octubre de 2013, de https://encrypted-tbn1.gstatic.com/images
q=tbn:ANd9GcQXDFc6n_lN_JzkpBqVi2aXbJwJLm2yQRBTkOOLQ57YtAmenPyBYQ
Google Images. (s.f.). Recuperado el 17 de Octubre de 2013, de http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_-oWe1e1WAmo/SSw6bg9RY_I/AAAAAAAAAB0/lrSsY2bKFEs/s400/mujer_dibujo_grande.jpg
Google Images. (s.f.). Recuperado el 17 de Octubre de 2013, de http://fc08.deviantart.net/fs70/i/2011/172/5/5/celia_cruz_20_jun_2011_by_jaimemolina-d3jj5r4.png
Google Images. (s.f.). Recuperado el 17 de Octubre de 2013, de http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-IDtc4u-DUX8/UVz0EhIo_sI/AAAAAAAAAkY/2awiLuiwg-c/s1600/ellipsis2.jpg
Google images. (s.f.). Recuperado el 22 de Noviembre de 2013, de http://www.pantallafondos.com/bulkupload/fotos-simpsons/Dibujos%20Animados/Simpsons/Homero%20Simpson%206.jpg
Google images. (s.f.). Recuperado el 22 de Noviembre de 2013, de http://us.123rf.com/400wm/400/400/stylephotographs/stylephotographs1207/stylephotographs120700096/14364409-hombre-y-mujer-hablando-en-un-cafe-mientras-que-una-taza-de-cafe.jpg
Google images. (s.f.). Recuperado el 22 de Noviembre de 2013, de http://www.plusesmas.com/fotos/32_dibujo2.jpg
Google images. (s.f.). Recuperado el 22 de Noviembre de 2013, de http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-5ug_Ear_1Pc/Uj3KfrlizRI/AAAAAAAAMfc/lAtgW8LGVOI/s1600/amigos-hablando-por-telefono-hombre-mujer.png
Google images. (s.f.). Recuperado el 22 de Noviembre de 2013, de http://lh4.ggpht.com/_r9HFHGF0BoY/St5ql0BiKII/AAAAAAAAKZ8/MNsC81faKrk/Saludar.jpgGogle images. (s.f.). Recuperado el 22 de Noviembre de 2013, de http://us.123rf.com/400wm/400/400/tasia12/tasia121107/tasia12110700022/10002873-date-in-the-cafe-cartoon.jpg